![]() In 1982, the total population was approximately 10,800. ![]() In 1922, Rafah's population was 599, which increased to 2,220 in 1945. Rafah became one of the three border points between Egypt and Israel. Families were separated, property was divided and many houses and orchards were cut across and destroyed by the new boundary, bulldozed, allegedly for security reasons. Rafah was divided into an Egyptian and a Palestinian part, splitting up families, separated by barbed-wire barriers. In the Peace Treaty, the re-created Gaza–Egypt border was drawn across the city of Rafah. In 1979, Israel and Egypt signed a peace treaty that returned the Sinai, which borders the Gaza Strip, to Egyptian control. In the 1967 Six-Day War, Israel conquered the Sinai Peninsula and the Gaza Strip from Egypt and all of the city now was under Israeli occupation. Rafah could grow without any consideration being taken of the old 1906 international boundary. During the Second World War it became an important British base.įollowing the Armistice Agreement of 24 February 1949, Rafah was located in Egypt-occupied Gaza and consequently, a Gaza–Egypt border did no longer exist. From the mid-1930s the British enhanced the border control and Rafah evolved as a small boundary town which functioned as a trade and services centre for the semi-settled Beduin population. After World War I Palestine was also under British control, but the Egypt-Palestine Boundary was maintained to control movement of the local Bedouin. The Ottoman–British agreement of 1 October 1906 established a boundary between Ottoman ruled Palestine and British ruled Egypt, from Taba to Rafah. The transliteration of the Hebrew name, "Rafiah", is used in modern English alongside "Rafah" Development Over the ages it has been known as Rpwḥw by the ancient Egyptians, □□□ Rapiḫi or □□□ Rapiḫu by the Assyrians, Ῥαφία Rhaphía by the Greeks, "Raphia" by Romans, רפיח "Rafiaḥ" by the Israelites, "Rafh" by the Arab Caliphate.
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